Which of the following are examples of qualitative methods?

Interviews and focus groups are prime examples of qualitative methods because they prioritize gathering in-depth insights and understanding participants' perspectives, experiences, and emotions. These methods allow researchers to explore complex social phenomena, capturing the nuances of human behavior and social interactions.

In interviews, the researcher engages directly with participants, allowing for open-ended questions and follow-up inquiries that can delve deeper into specific topics. Focus groups, meanwhile, facilitate discussions among a small group of individuals, encouraging interaction that uncovers collective views and group dynamics. Both methods focus on the quality of data gathered rather than quantifying it, aligning with the aims of qualitative research.

Other options listed, such as surveys and statistical analysis, experiments and longitudinal studies, and census data and polls, primarily rely on quantitative methods that deal with numerical data and statistical interpretation, focusing on measurable outcomes rather than the richness of human experiences.