What technique is defined as systematically analyzing the contents of documents?

Content analysis is the technique defined as systematically analyzing the contents of documents. This method involves examining various types of documents, such as texts, images, or audio, to identify patterns, themes, or specific variables within the material. It allows researchers to quantify and analyze the presence of certain words, phrases, or concepts, thereby drawing conclusions about the communication or cultural phenomena represented in the documents.

By employing content analysis, sociologists can gain insights into societal norms, ideologies, and trends by interpreting the underlying messages in media, literature, or other forms of communication. This technique is particularly valuable because it provides a structured approach to analyzing large amounts of qualitative data, allowing for both qualitative and quantitative analysis.